Newspaper Terminology

Galtung and Ruge

Gatekeeping:

A term which is applied to the editing and filtering process where decisions are made to let some information 'pass through' to the receiver (audience) and other information remains barred.

News Values:

Galtung and Ruge

-1965 analysed international news stories to find out what kind of stories came top of the news 'agenda'.
- Their findings helped them create a list of 'News Values':

• Threshold: the bigger the impact and reach of the story
• Unexpectedness: an event that is a shock or out of the ordinary
• Negativity: Bad news is more interesting 'if it bleeds, it leads'
• Elite person/places: stories about important people and powerful nations
• Unambiguous: straightforward and easy to write about
• Personalisation: stories that include human interest- 'real' people
• Proximity: stories that are closer to home are more likely to be included
• Continuity/Currency: stories that are already in the news continue to run and are updated.

Newspaper types

Broadsheets:

- Quality or Serious press
- Large Title
- One large picture
- What's inside ( quick review)
- Lots of text
- Multiple headlines (serious)
- Politics
- Lacking in colour
- Amount of text caters to older audience
- Sophisticated articles
- A/B/C1 demographics

Tabloids:

- Popular press
- Lots of colour
- More reality based (popular culture)
- Minimal text
- No long article on the front page
- Less in-depth reporting
- Puns and jokes used in headlines
- More focus on human interest stories, celebrity gossip
- Use of gimmicks e.g. bingo games, free travel tickets, phone-in surveys
- C2/D/E demographics

The Market

The Market

Popular:

The Sun
The Sun on Sunday
Daily Mirror
Sunday Mirror
Sunday People
Daily Star
Daily Star Sunday

Mid-Market: 

Daily Mail
The Mail
London Evening Standard
Metro
Sunday Express
Daily Express

Quality:

The Daily Telegraph
The Sunday Telegraph
The Guardian
The Observer
The Times
The Sunday Times
The Independent
i
Financial Times

Hypodermic Needle Theory and Moral Panic

MORAL PANIC:

Moral panic is a feeling of fear spread among a large number of people that some evil threatens the well-being of society. A Dictionary of Sociology defines a moral panic as " the process of arousing social concern over and issue- usually the work of moral entrepreneurs and the mass media".
E.g. Isis

HYPODERMIC NEEDLE THEORY:

The hypodermic needle model ( also known as the hypodermic-syringe model, transmission-belt model, or magic bullet theory) is a model of communications suggesting that an intended message is directly received and wholly accepted by the receiver. 

Representations

-A representation is the way in which people, events and ideas are presented to an audience. The media will take something that is already there and represent it to us in a way that they choose.

-Representations are created by media text producers. What they choose to present to us is controlled  by Gatekeepers.

Gatekeepers: Any person involved in a media production with the power to make a decision about                             something the audience are allowed to read, hear or see, and not get to see.


Stereotypes: Media industries use stereotypes because the audience will instantly understand them.                         Stereotypes are like 'visual shortcuts', they are repeated so often we end up seeing them                       as normal/ true.

Archetypes: The 'ultimate' stereotype, e.g. the white stiletto wearing, big busted, brainless, blonde                           bimbo.

Countertype: This is a representation that challenges traditional stereotypical associations of groups                           of people or places.


Disability 
Regionalism 

Class
Age 
Gender
Ethnicity 
Sexuality 

 This advert for Alcoa Aluminium shows that a stereotype related to women is that they are weak. The caption "you mean a woman can open it...?" suggests that women don't have enough strength to even open a lid on a bottle. The shocked expression on the woman also shows how it may be a rare occasion that a woman can open a bottle further stereotyping them as weak.

 This more modern advert has sexualised the woman. The ad is for a Tom Ford men's fragrance. the right image shows a man being clung onto by a woman's hand suggesting that women are sexual objects to men. This is further supported by the left image, where the bottle of fragrance is placed over a woman's intimate area therefore stereotyping them as a sexual goal/ object for men. As well as this, the let picture shows the woman as having soft, clear, spotless intimate skin, therefore suggesting all women should look like that.

This Wonderbra advert is once again sexualising women. It is suggesting that a bra is a sexual item of clothing instead of showing its real purpose of supporting women. The caption "Hello boys" further shows how the woman has been sexualised and stereotyped that as she is only wearing her underwear, she therefore only wants the attention of boys.






Countertype example:
This music video is for Beyoncé's- Grown Women. The thought behind the song is that woman can do whatever they want and are strong, independent and don't need men.

Frutella 'Too Juicy' advert

1) Who did you work with and how did you manage the task between you?
    I worked with Lee, Emily and Dan, I feel like we worked well together when creating 
    our advert. Each person was allocated a job so we all took a role on within the 
    production. We created our story board of shots and timings so that we could follow along
    without getting confused or missing a scene out.

2) How did you plan your sequence? What processes did you use?
    We screen grabbed each shot of the original advert and we then made a story board
    each shot and annotated it with how long each shot lasted and what kind of shot it was.

3) What theorists do you think you could apply to your task?

4) What factors did you have to take into account when planning, shooting and editing?
    We had to make sure each shot was the correct timings so that it fit with the music. 
    Dan had to lip sync to the music so therefore timings were very important. We also had 
    to make sure each shot was the same as in the original, the original video was put in the 
    right bottom corner so if it didn't match up then it would be obvious to tell.


5) How successful was your sequence? Please identify what worked well and with hindsight
    what would you improve/ do differently? 
    Our sequence was successful because all of the lip syncing matched up and each shot 
    resembled the original. We also managed to be creative and re make some shots that 
    were harder to shoot. To improve, our end shot could have linked up better with the
    original by getting the timings more accurate, and at the start, some shots were filmed 
    the wrong way round (back-to-front).

6) What did others say about your production?
    Others said that they enjoyed our production and were impressed at how we put together
    different shots to make it look the same as the original. They also said that we were
    imaginative with our creation and use of props.




7) What have you learnt from completing this task?
   From this task I have managed to learn how to structure and plan a production as part of a
   team. I have learnt how to put together story boards and I have discovered how correct
   correct timings are when producing. I have also developed my skills with in Adobe Premier
   when editing the advert.


8) Looking ahead, how will this learning be significant when completing your future
    productions?
    This learning will really help my future productions as I am aware of my strengths and
    weaknesses on this task so therefore I know what to put extra time and care into next
    time.

Camera Shots

In this video, we explored different camera angles and shots. I worked in a group with Josh and Aimee. We took turns of who filmed, who did the voice over and who was in the shot.

Dancing Animals Editing Practice

This is my dancing animals practice editing task. In this video I have explored different effects on the clips and transitions from one clip to the next. As well as this, I have put backing music to the video. For the first 4 seconds I have strategically changed shot on every beat of the music, to do this I had to crop each clip so it was short enough to the fit the music. The song I chose was 'The Message' by Grandmaster Flash. I used this song because it is Hip-Hop so it linked to the dance styles in the videos of the animals dancing.

Radio Industry Emaze

Georgia radio presentation from Great Baddow High School Media

Feedback:

Positives: 

-well presented 

- interesting visuals 

- good in depth information

- a lot of interaction on each slide

- a lot of accurate facts

- well organised

Negatives: 

- needed more clarification on BBC Radio 1 daily schedule

- Small font was hard to read 

- Too much writing on some of the slides

Genre Photos Analysis